Through our representatives we (the people of the United States) Sept. 23, 43. make laws defining the rights and duties of everyone within the na- tion. What rights and duties we shall regulate by law, as we have seen in this record of our action to control industrial relations in THUR the past, is determined by their bearing on the general welfare. They become a matter of public concern when the actions of pri- TEXTBOOK ON LABOR vate individuals and groups, in- cluding workers and employers, affect the whole community. "We believe that what shall be IS ISSUED BY STATE defined as questions of public con- cern can best be determined by the consent of the governed. When we give power to our representatives to act for us, the people, We retain Conceived by Ives Committee, the right to direct them in their use of the powers which we have It Is Offered to High Schools granted to them. In the last analy- for Use in Social Studies sis, we, the people, determine the line between private action and public policy." Attitude Toward Capitalism COVERS FIELD FROM 1790 In earlier chapters, the textbook presents, as a fact, that America has grown up under capitalism, Free Enterprise and Private and also presents the steps taken toward regulating it. In the con- Responsibility Are Stressed as clusion, it thus sums up the atti- tude toward capitalism: Vital to General Welfare "A second element in the Amer- ican tradition is our belief that the best way to achieve the general Special to THE NEW YORK TIMES. welfare in economic terms is to maintain our system of free enter- ALBANY, Sept. -For the prise. There have been many first time in modern political his changes, since 1790, in the way our tory the State government is spon- economy works. As it has de- soring a textbook, for use in high veloped toward its present urban- schools, on the politically delicate industrial pattern, the relations of employers and workers have be- subject of labor and industry rela- come increasingly important test tions. The book, made public to of the justice and efficiency of our day, was conceived by the Ives free enterprise system. Committee on Industrial and Labor "The general welfare in eco Conditions, was prepared by it and nomic terms will, we/ think. be is issued in the name of the State most certainly secured by recalling of New York to private individuals and groups While use of the book will Be their community responsibility. We optional with the local school sys- believe this because we are con- tems, those which adopt it will use vinced that duties as well as rights it in the mandatory "social studies' obligations as well as interests, are course. Informal approval of the deeply rooted in the American tra- book has already been given by the dition of free government and free Board of Regents. enterprise. The step taken by the Ives Com- After noting that these ideas are mittee, in itself a unique agency being challenged by competing which has contributed considerably ideas which stress only rights of to labor peace in the State during government and obedience by the the last five years, is regarded as people -without mentioning direct- particularly daring because of crit- ly nazism or communism-the book icism usually heaped on govern- recalls our own system now of mental agencies trying to affect leaving "some areas in our econ- political education and thinking. omy free from governmental con- Careful study of the Ives Commit- trol-in order to allow workers tee textbook leads to the conclu- and employers to determine their sion that, without "pussyfooting," own actions. It is in these areas it has produced an educational that the challenge of the peace course which should be free from clusion it thus sums up the atti- criticism from all but the extreme will be most direct-that rights right, or the extreme left of eco- and responsibilities wil be consid- nomic thought. ered further by the people. It is in The Ives Committee has operat- these areas, too, that the role ed for years on the principle that which Government should play in labor peace cannot be achieved the economic life of the nation will without mutual understanding be- be tested." tween capital and labor, achieved First Copyright of Its Kind through education. The book itself is an attractive Scope of the Textbook volume of 314 pages, cloth-bound The book, prepared under the on boards, profusely illustrated direction of William B. Groat Jr., with charts, graphs and pictures. counsel to the Ives committee, It is in easily readable 12 point heads toward its objective by ac- Bodini type, was printed and cepting as facts, and presenting bound by the Williams Press of to the students as such, the right Albany, and is copyrighted in the of name of The People of the State of labor of New York, the first such copy- collective strike, bargaining, racketeering, contracts, the right the blacklist and yellow-dog and other features of American Continued on Page Twenty-four industrial relations, past and pres- ent, operating within a free capi- talism. It argues, in its final chapter, for the maintenance of individual rights, regulated by their bearing on the general welfare, and states its case in this connection as fol-